Каковы некоторые преимущества и недостатки перехода от двухслойной печатной платы с компонентами на одной стороне?, к четырехслойной печатной плате с компонентами на обеих сторонах?

Two-layer is cheaper, while the four layers will cost more. Так как

• There are twice as many layers to etchand then laminate.
• It will take almost twice as much work, steps and materials to fabricate.
• It will also take two сборка passes for pick and place instead of one.
• Anything manually placed through hole will also take one more pass for the second size.

Only drilling and 2 silkscreen and 2 solder resist will remain the same.

Compared to four layers, double sided

• will allow a significant gain in component density.

Primary side	taller stuff, large scale ICs and connectors
Secondary side	low profile passives (чип резисторы & конденсаторы) and perhaps low profile ICs and diodes, signal transistors

• That will allow a smaller PCA footprint, so the PCA costs are saved in enclosure and overall size. Таким образом, the user-friendly weight of PCB will suit portable equipment.

Прочитайте больше: Подробное руководство по проектированию многослойных печатных плат

#Дизайн печатной платы