In het PCB-assemblageproces, solderen is een zeer kritische stap. Door solderen, elektronische componenten kunnen stevig op de printplaat worden gemonteerd om elektrische verbindingen te realiseren. The quality of soldering determines the performance and service life of the final product, and a key factor affecting its quality is solder flux, although it is often ignored by those not intimately familiar with the soldering process. So what exactly does flux do? How should we use it? In dit artikel, we will introduce this indispensable but unsung hero in detail. Laten we verder lezen.
Solder flux is a chemical cleaning agent that is used to remove oxides on the surface of PCBs and electronic components, it can also clear away impurities that may affect the soldering effect. There are many benefits to using flux. Ten eerste, it can improve the moisture content of the solder. ten tweede, it can prevent the re-oxidation of the metal during the welding process, thereby making the welding stronger.
Commonly used fluxes are mainly divided into the following three categories:
In PCB solderen, rosin flux is one of the earliest used. Its raw material is resin extracted from pine trees. Most of the ones currently used on the market are mixtures of rosin and various fluxes to improve performance. This flux is inert in the solid state. When it is heated, it melts and becomes acidic to achieve the effect of cleaning oxides. One of its disadvantages is that it will leave residue on the PCB surface, which needs to be removed as soon as possible after the soldering is completed.
Organic flux is commonly referred to as water-soluble flux due to its primary characteristic: it is composed of organic acids (or other organic compounds) that are soluble in water. Compared with rosin flux, it has a stronger cleaning ability and can quickly remove oxides, daarom, it is suitable for high-speed automatic welding processes. Echter, it is corrosive and the residue left behind may affect component performance or even short circuit if not properly cleaned.
Zoals de naam al doet vermoeden, this type of flux is mainly made of some inorganic compounds such as borate, fluoride, chloride, enzovoort. It has powerful cleaning capabilities that promote strong solder bonding. Daarom, it is often used on stronger metals including brass, koper, roestvrij staal, enzovoort. Inorganic flux is more cost effective than other types of flux. Echter, it should be noted that it is extremely corrosive. Zo, careful cleaning is required after use according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Feature | Rosin Flux | Organic Flux | Inorganic Flux |
Materiële basis | Resin from pine trees | Organic acids (water-soluble) | Inorganic compounds (bijv., borate, fluoride, chloride) |
Cleaning Ability | Gematigd | Strong | Very Strong |
State at Room Temperature | Solid, inert | Varies | Varies |
Residue | Leaves residue; requires cleaning | Corrosive residue; needs thorough cleaning | Highly corrosive residue; stringent cleaning needed |
Typical Use | General PCB soldering | High-speed automatic welding | Metals like brass, koper, roestvrij staal |
Choosing the right flux needs to consider several factors, inclusief:
Further reading: Through Hole Vs. Opbouwmontage: How to Choose the Right Method
Below we list the steps for using flux:
Further reading: What is it and how to prevent it?
PCB soldering is a process that requires experience and professional knowledge. The type of solder selected and the soldering process are crucial. If you don’t have expertise in this, alsjeblieft contact MOKO Technology – a professional PCB assembly manufacturer for advice.
The main purpose of using solder flux is to clean the surface of PCB and components for soldering. While for solder past, in addition to cleaning, it has another important function: providing the actual metal alloy that will form the solder joint once melted.
Absolutely yes. Without solder flux, dust and oxides on the surface of the PCB will affect the firmness of the soldering. Als gevolg, many soldering issues may occur.
Depending on different types of solder flux, the solder flux materials are also various. As mentioned, rosin flux is generally made from rosin which is derived from pine sap. While for inorganic flux, the main material is inorganic compounds such as borate, fluoride, chloride, enzovoort.
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