Dubbelzijdige printplaat: Een gedetailleerde gids voor beginners

With the ongoing miniaturization and complexity of electronic devices, maximizing PCB space and trace routing has become critical. Fitting ever-growing component counts into tight PCB spaces is an ongoing challenge. This need for dense, efficient PCB layouts drives the widespread adoption of double sided PCB. With traces on both top and bottom, double-sided PCBs maximize usable space. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of double sided printed circuit boards, aiming to help you better understand this crucial PCB technology.

What Is a Double Sided PCB?

Double sided PCB refers to printed circuit boards that have conductive copper traces on both the top and bottom sides. This allows for circuits and routing to be designed on each side of the board, with conductive paths linking between the two layers. The key benefit of double sided PCBs is the ability to achieve tighter trace routing versus single sided boards. With circuits and traces on both sides, components can be more densely packed and complex interconnections facilitated. This makes double sided PCBs ideal for many modern compact consumer electronics and complex circuit designs. The dual sided layout is enabled by a dielectric substrate layer separating the bottom and top copper layers, which electrically isolates them while allowing targeted connections between layers. The picture below can help you better understand the structure of double-sided PCB:

How to Manufacture Dubbelzijdige printplaat?

The fabrication of double sided printed circuit boards involves a multi-step process that enables circuit traces and components on both the top and bottom of the board. Manufacturing starts with the raw PCB laminate, made up of a dielectric substrate such as FR-4 sandwiched between two thin copper layers that will form the conductive traces. The process involves:

1. In beeld brengen

EEN photoresist is applied on the copper layers and UV light is used to transfer the trace patterns onto the PCB. The unexposed photoresist is then washed away, exposing the copper for etching.

2. Ets

Chemical etchants are used to remove the unwanted copper, leaving only the desired copper traces on each layer.

3. Hole drilling

Holes are drilled through the board to facilitate component mounting and connections between layers.

4. Plateren

The walls of the drilled holes are plated with copper to enable conductivity between layers.

5. Toepassing soldeermasker

A solder mask is applied over the entire PCB surface except the exposed pads and traces. This prevents solder bridges.

6. Silkscreen printing

Identifying markings, symbols and labels are printed onto the board.

7. Final finishing

The boards are cut, beveled, tested and quality checked before being shipped out.

Want to know more knowledge about PCB manufacturing? Bekijk ook onze andere blog: Een gedetailleerde gids voor het fabricageproces van PCB's

Advantages of Double Sided PCB Board

• Increased Component Density

With a double sided PCB, components can be placed on both the top and bottom sides of the board. This significantly increases the component density compared to a single sided PCB, allowing more complex circuits to be designed within the same limited space. The dual-sided nature doubles the usable area for placing components.

• Better Routing Options

Double sided circuit board has more routing options available. Traces can be routed efficiently on either side of the board, enabling optimized use of the available space. This leads to shorter trace lengths and more effective layouts. The ability to route across both layers provides more flexibility.

• Improved Signal Integrity

Double sided PCB construction better controls signal traces compared to single sided boards. Designers can carefully plan the layout of traces on the different layers to reduce signal interference and crosstalk. The isolation between layers provides more control.

• Compact Design

Double-sided PCBs enable more compact electronic device designs by utilizing both sides of the board. This allows the overall PCB size to be reduced, ideal for space-constrained applications. Single sided boards limit layout options, but double-sided provides more usable area.

• Enhanced Grounding and Power Distribution

With double-sided PCBs, dedicated ground and power planes can be designed on opposite sides. Separating the planes helps provide stable, efficient power and grounding, reducing noise. This is crucial for smooth circuit operation.

• Support for Complex Circuits

The large number of connections in complex circuits like those with microcontrollers often require double-sided PCBs. The dual-layer routing provides the needed options to handle intricate multi-connection designs.

Design Considerations of Utilizing Dubbelzijdige printplaat

Component Placement – Optimal component placement is crucial for efficient routing. Place related components on the same side when possible, with consideration for board thickness and heat dissipation.

Routing Channels – Carefully plan routing channels to isolate critical signals and avoid crosstalk. Use wider spaces between traces or ground planes as barriers.

Layer Stacking – Mindfully stack layers, keeping similar signals together. Route critical traces on the top layer first with ground planes below.

Via Usage – Use vias judiciously between layers for connections. Minimize via count for cost savings but allow enough for required connections.

Further reading: Wat is PCB Via??

Trace Length Matching – Match the lengths of traces in differential pairs and high speed traces to control skew and timing. Consider how traces route on both layers.

Grounding – Properly ground components with vias tied to the ground plane. Separate analog and digital ground planes.

Board Thickness – Thicker boards handle more layers and complex routing but increase weight and cost. Optimize thickness for needs.

Thermisch beheer- Ensure there is a proper thermal relief, and consider adding thermal vias to dissipate heat away from sensitive components. Adequate spacing between heat-generating components can also assist in heat dissipation.

Applications of Double Sided Printplaats

Er zijn talloze toepassingen van dubbelzijdige PCB's. We kunnen ze vinden in Computers, tv's, Digitale fototoestellen, Radio's, Telefoons, en andere elektronische gadgets. Ze hebben ook veel industriële toepassingen en we zullen er enkele bekijken.

1. Medische apparatuur

Moderne medische apparatuur verbruikt minder stroom en is compacter dan in het verleden. Daarom, we hebben dergelijke PCB's nodig met een klein formaat en een groot oppervlak, omdat dit ons zal helpen meer elektronische componenten op te nemen. Double sided PCB board is ideal for this as it has two layers and we can incorporate electronic components on both of them. Zo krijgen we de gewenste eigenschappen van zowel de lichtgewicht als de kleine maten. Daarom, we gebruiken het in een aantal medische apparaten zoals de CAT-scanner en röntgenscanner.

2. Mechanische systemen

We gebruiken vaak PCB's voor besturingsprocessen in zware mechanische systemen. Enkellaagse PCB's hebben een kleine dichtheid en voldoen niet aan de prestatie-eisen in dergelijke omstandigheden. Daarom, we hebben dichtere PCB's nodig en dubbelzijdige PCB is een haalbare optie. Ze kunnen componenten bevatten zoals acculaders met hoge stroomsterkte, moderne belastinganalysatoren, en motorcontrollers.

3. Verlichting

We gebruiken veel LED's vanwege hun verbeterde productiviteit en laag stroomverbruik. We gebruiken vaak LED's waar we ze nodig hebben om ze vaak aan en uit te zetten. Dit betekent dat er hoge stroom- en spanningscycli zijn. Zo, we kunnen geen gewone PCB's gebruiken omdat ze niet bestand zijn tegen de gegenereerde warmte. Dubbelzijdige print is hiervoor geschikt omdat ze twee isolerende lagen hebben. Deze PCB's zullen fungeren als warmteafvoeren en zijn bestand tegen verhoogde temperaturen van warmtewisseling.

4. Automobiel en ruimtevaart

Beide industrieën vertrouwen vaak op aanpasbare PCB's. We use double sided printed circuit board in both the automotive and aviation ventures because they can withstand high-vibrations which are normal to their surface. om het simpel te zeggen, ze zijn bestand tegen krachten die erop worden uitgeoefend vanuit zowel de boven- als onderlaag. Op de top van dit, dubbelzijdige PCB is zeer licht van gewicht. Zo, ze zijn ideaal om ze te gebruiken in transporttoepassingen.

MOKO-technologie is a well-known entity when it comes to the manufacturing of printed circuit boards. We hebben jarenlange expertise en zijn gespecialiseerd in het vervaardigen van dubbelzijdige PCB's. We hebben goed opgeleid personeel, een speciale R&D team, en een state-of-the-art setup. Hierdoor kunnen we bogen op massaproductiecapaciteit. We provide premium quality PCBs that will meet your requirements. We can also manufacture custom made PCBs volgens uw behoeften. Neem gerust contact met ons op als je vragen hebt of een offerte wilt. We hopen snel iets van je te horen.