When you step into the electrical industry, IC and PCB must be two common words in your daily work. They sound similar but exactly different if you keep patient to look into them.
If we regard a rural house as cable harness assembly, PCB is just like a suite that contains a living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, and balcony. It takes up only tens of square meters, but with complete configuration to serve human habitation as the big rural house.
Thus, the definition of PCB, printed circuit board, becomes easy to understand. Printed circuit boards are not only an important carrier of electronic components but also a provider of electrical connections of electronic components. It is named after its manufacturing method- printing. Specifically, a board ready for assembly should go through inner layer drilling, tracing, etching, black oxidation, lamination, outer layer drilling, PTH, PTRS, soldering mask, gold plating, HASL, silk legend, and testing.
Compared to PCB, IC is, properly, like a skyscraper or tall building, which embraces store floor, officer floor, canteen floor, and underground parking. It is highly integrated in layout.
For IC layout, it is all about function isolation and effective connection. For, example, artificial circuits and digit circuits is isolated. The power line and ground line are separated. And, sensing circuit is located at a corner far away from control logic system. There are a few layers that are in various layouts and construction. For instance, folding transistor is used for saving space and gate resistance in low-noise circuits. There is even H-shape design for a layer. Besides, elevators to different destinations are equipped so as to accelerate transmission. High-speed wires are used for connection between CPU and memory.
IC manufacture is about interconnecting the all the required wires and component, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors on a small or several small pieces of semiconductor chips, and then packaging them into a miniature shell. It functions as partial circuit structure.
In particular, there are many package types. We are going to talk some common packaging as follows.
In addition to the above common packaging methods, there are other useful packages methods for particular requirement, such as TO type packaging and MCM type packaging.
After finishing the printing process mentioned in Part One, we are going to getting PCB assembled by components. The PCB assembly technique contains through-hole assembly, surface mount assembly and the mixture.
As a functional circuit, IC can be directly applied on PCB, improving compact features and reliability of the PCB. Then, PCB with IC is used in many high-tech industry, such as smart automotive, IoT, smart medtech, telecom and artificial intelligence.
All in all, PCB with IC is the basis of modern technology. It is widely used in many field and play an important part in society development
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